Apr 16, 2016 in this tutorial, i will show you how to optimize a single objective function using genetic algorithm. The algorithm is demonstrated on designing low sidelobe phase tapers, circularly polarized patch antennas, and identically thinned subarrays. Genetic algorithms and method of moments gamom for the. In this paper, genetic algorithm has been used for optimization of resonant frequency of coaxially fed rectangular. In the design, the genetic algorithm is employed to generate the excitation amplitudes of the antenna array. Cavity method, circular ferrite microstrip antenna, genetic algorithm, magnetically biased. In this paper, extensive reference to literature related antenna design efforts. Genetic algorithm optimization of a highdirectivity. Application of genetic algorithm for optimization of important parameters of magnetically biased microstrip circular patch antenna.
The proposed design process aims at using genetic algorithm for optimizing the surface of a patch antenna. All the parameters, that is, the, thickness of the patch,bias magnetic field and the. Design of crooked wire antenna with genetic algorithm. The present paper discusses an approach of using genetic algorithm for array thinning. Genetic algorithm optimization applied to planar and wire.
Specifically, we evaluate whether ga optimizers are appropriate design techniques for rfid broadband antenna design by looking at current research with ga antennas and deducing whether. Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics focuses on optimizing the objective function when a computer algorithm, analytical model, or experimental result describes the performance of an electromagnetic system. Genetic algorithms in antennas and smart antennas design. I am working on fractals and i am using ga for optimization of my patch antenna. This antenna as well as the circular patch antenna shown below are miniaturized, or made electrically small, by. The genetic algorithm ga is an optimization solution for these kinds of problems that recon. A dualband microstrip patch antenna was designed using genetic. Keywordcircular patch antenna, directivity, genetic algorithm, hfss, rectangular patch antenna, return loss, triangular patch antenna. Since the series fed microstrip patch array antenna has low feeding loss, it is especially effective for the millimeter wave application. This paper introduces a novel technique for efficiently combining genetic algorithms gas with method of moments mom for integrated antenna design and explores a two example applications of the gamom approach. Design of compact and multiband antenna array using. The designs are obtained by interfacing the genetic algorithm and ansoft high frequency system simulator hfss and validated through design, construction, and testing. Genetic algorithm ga is utilized to design microstrip patch antenna shapes for broad bandwidth. Genetic algorithm optimization and performance comparative.
In antenna design problems, the three most commonly used softcomputational algorithms are. The design of a broadband patch antenna is a good candidate problem for genetic algorithm optimizers because a large number of discrete and continuous and dependent parameters exist that are easily handled with gaoptimizers. The method of moments is employed for analysis at the. It is designed by using genetic algorithms with the. In this section, well discuss the microstrip antenna, which is also commonly referred to as the patch antenna. In real applications, the genetic algorithm is likely to be more. Given the number and shape of the slots, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the size and location of the slot on the patch. Microstrip square patch antenna using cst by shamsur rahman akash. A thorough and insightful introduction to using genetic algorithms to optimize electromagnetic systems genetic algorithms in electromagnetics focuses on optimizing the objective function when a computer algorithm, analytical model, or experimental result describes the performance of an electromagnetic system. While many antennas are preexistent designs that are modified through optimizations, these antennas are entirely new designs generated solely via computer. Wire antennas optimized using genetic algorithm sciencedirect. By an appropriate definition of cost function, the antenna can operate in different.
Optimizations of patch antenna arrays using genetic. In order to realize an array antenna with a high gain, low sidelobe level, and low vswr, we have optimized the width and element spacing for each patch antenna by the parato genetic algorithm. We use matlab and show the whole process in a very easy and understandable stepbystep process. A novel pattern of fractal antenna deploying swastika slotted geometry up to second iteration is used for optimization in this paper which enhanced its utilities for sband. May 22, 2017 the comparison between genetic algorithm and bat algorithm revealed that results of ba are superior than ga for the designed geometry. It is worth noting that the genetic algorithm does not always land on the same solution in each trial. Hybrid chromosome design for genetic optimization of a. After discussing the basic concept involving antenna array, array thinning, dynamic thinning, and application methodology, simulation results of applying the technique to linear and planar arrays are presented. In this research, genetic algorithm optimization gao method is used to design the shape. Genetic algorithms belong to a stochastic class of evolutionary techniques, whose. New optimization approach in the design of eshaped patch antenna abstract.
The computed results are in good agreement with the results obtained experimentally. Genetic algorithm genetic algorithm is a robust global stochastic search methods. Recall that our antenna system consists of three sections, each containing eight complex weights i. Keywords directive antennas, genetic algorithms, linear antenna arrays, microstrip patch antennas, optimization. Index termsantenna arrays, genetic algorithms gas, microstrip antennas, optimization methods, phased arrays. Ga optimization of highdirectivity microstrip patch antennas and miniature. This algorithm reflects the process of natural selection where the fittest individuals are selected for reproduction in order to produce offspring of the next generation. Odonnell, scott santarelli, hans steyskal, and hugh southall hybrid chromosome design for genetic optimization of a fragmented patch array antenna. In this paper, the bandwidth of the eshaped microstrip antenna is optimized using the genetic algorithm ga based on fuzzy decisionmaking. Conformal patch antenna arrays design for onboard ship. May 02, 2017 micro strip patch antenna optimization using genetic algorithm. Antennas research electromagnetics research group emrg.
A genetic algorithm was used to determine the patch length and width and feeding point in the design of a coaxially fed circularly polarized rectangular patch antenna 3. Directive antennas, genetic algorithms, linear antenna arrays, microstrip patch. Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics wiley online books. The method is demonstrated using an example design and a prototype single layer ebg resonator antenna that achieves a gain of over 21 db, which is normally reached only by a multilayer ebg antenna if the. Wide and multiband antenna design using the genetic. A genetic algorithm nitodds evolutionary processes on a computer to arrive at an optimum solution. In computer science and operations research, a genetic algorithm ga is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the. Introduction microstrip patch arrays are used to obtain highdirec.
The testing of proposed fabricated antenna has been done by using rohde and schwarz zvl vector network analyzer and obtained experimental results are in good agreement with optimized simulated results. Design of the series fed microstrip patch planar array. Jul 08, 2017 a genetic algorithm is a search heuristic that is inspired by charles darwins theory of natural evolution. The optimized patch design exhibits a threefold enhancement in bandwidth when. It is a demonstration of how genetic algorithm can be used to optimize a patch antenna in accordance with various requirements and scenarios, with lower computational complexity resource utilization. Initial evolutionary antenna design systems to meet the initial design requirements it was decided to constrain our evolutionary design to a monopole wire antenna with four identical arms, with each arm rotated 90 from its neighbors. A representative patch antenna design example for com. Optimization of swastika slotted fractal antenna using. Patch antennas are cheap, simple, robust, inexpensive and compatible with mmic designs. Design of broadband microstrip antenna utilizing genetic algorithm. These algorithms are extremely powerful and may be applied to a wide range of engineering design problems. An example of an evolved antenna is an xband antenna evolved for a 2006 nasa mission called space technology 5 st5. Introduction the microstrip antenna arrays find their best wireless applications in the places where particular.
Design of compact and multiband antenna array using genetic algorithm optimization. Method of application of genetic algorithm to the magnetized ferrite microstrip antenna and computed results the magnetized ferrite circular patch microstrip antenna is assumed to be operating at tm11 mode. Abstract the application of genetic algorithm ga to the. Optimization with genetic algorithm a matlab tutorial. Design of broadband patch antennas using genetic algorithm. Solving antenna array thinning problem using genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm optimization for multiband patch antenna.
Genetic optimization routines are developed on matlab environment for these designs. Design and optimization of aperture coupled microstrip. Genetic algorithms and method of moments gamom for the design of integrated antennas abstract. It offers expert guidance to optimizing electromagnetic systems using. Most practitioners use the genetic algorithm technique or some variant thereof to evolve antenna designs. Ill use the terms microstrip antenna and patch antenna interchangeably. A new project based on ga and high frequency simulation software hfss is proposed to perform optimization. However, the necessity to conform to a predefined shape e. Design of lowprofile highgain ebg resonator antennas using. A method for reducing the size of microstrip patch antennas by up to 75% by. A thorough and insightful introduction to using genetic algorithms to optimize electromagnetic systems. The genetic algorithm is implemented on a pc that controls the eightelement cylindrical array. A simple design of multi band microstrip patch antennas robust to fabrication tolerances for gsm, umts, lte, and bluetooth applications by using genetic algorithm.
The design of a broadband patch antenna is a good candidate problem for geneticalgorithm optimizers because a large number of discrete and continuous and dependent parameters exist that are easily handled with gaoptimizers. Ga optimization for rfid broadband antenna applications abstract this paper examines genetic algorithm optimizers in antenna design. Apr 22, 2010 genetic algorithm ga is utilized to design microstrip patch antenna shapes for broad bandwidth. Method of moment mom solution used in simulation relies on rwg raowiltonglisson edge element. Genetic antennas antennas designed entirely by an optimization algorithm, which can be a genetic algorithm or some other iterative method, having no input to their theory of operation by a human engineer.
Genetic algorithm is a popular optimization technique and has been introduced for design optimization of microstrip patch antenna. Genetic algorithm for geometry optimization of optical antennas r. Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna arrays. International journal of antennas and propagation hindawi. Patch has been modeled on liti ferrite substrate of thickness h. Performance analysis of microstrip patch antenna with metamaterials and genetic algorithm. Automatic synthesis of a wire antenna using genetic. However, in general the resulting beam patterns share a similar sidelobe level. What i am thinking is to first perform a number of. Swastika slotted fractal antenna has been designed and fabricated by the use of fr4 substrate material which has 1. Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics electromagnetic.
Genetic algorithm for geometry optimization of optical antennas. Mom application analyses rectangular patches fed by a coaxial probe and suspended over a ground plane. The rectangular patch antenna is analyzed, and what is learned here will be applied to understanding pifas planar invertedf antennas. The circular patch microstrip antenna was modeled using the cavity method of analysis and the fitness functions to optimize the gain and efficiency were obtained. An adaptive, phaseonly genetic algorithm applied to a computer model of a linear array has been reported previously. The script above shows a very simple genetic algorithm applied to the array synthesis problem. Conformal antennas and antenna arrays arrays have become necessary for vehicular communications where a high degree of aerodynamic drag reduction is needed, like in avionics and ships. Two different wire antennas are designed to be used for jamming gsm frequencies using genetic algorithm. Military antenna design using simple and competent genetic algorithms. Wyant a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in electrical engineering. New optimization approach in the design of eshaped patch. But the narrow bandwidth and low efficiency are the major drawbacks. This paper presents how to optimize a correlator antenna array using the ga. Variation of best, mean and expected value of radiation power of circular patch antenna.
Genetic algorithm optimization applied to planar and wire antennas by andrea m. Genetic antenna these antennas are designed entirely by an optimization algorithm, which can be a genetic algorithm or some other iterative method. Genetic algorithm in microstrip antenna using matlab. Keywordcircular patch antenna, directivity, genetic algorithm, hfss. Touhami, and tajeddin elhamadi abstractthe miniaturization of the patch antenna has become an important issue in reducing the volume of entire communication system. The result is that the designed antenna array exhibits the largest directivity as compared to the uniform, binomial and dolphchebyshev arrays. Military antenna design using simple and competent genetic. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch antenna.
Design of frequency reconfigurable patch antennas with. Optimization with genetic algorithm a matlab tutorial for. In this paper genetic algorithm has been used for optimization of aperture coupled rectangular microstrip patch antenna acmpa dimensions, it was exactly used to optimize the patch length, the slot dimensions in the ground plane and the dimensions of the feed line. Here varactor diodes are used to tune a metamaterial grid where the pixels in the grid were determined using a genetic algorithm ga to meet certain performance goals. Genetic algorithms belong to a stochastic class of evolutionary techniques, whose robustness and global search of the solutions space have made them extremely popular among researchers. Automated antenna design with evolutionary algorithms. In this case, antenna was assumed to be operating in the fundamental tm11 mode. A parallel electromagnetic geneticalgorithm optimization faculty. The fitness function plays a vital role in the successful. Genetic algorithm optimization of broadband microstrip antenna. A combined method of moment momgenetic algorithm ga numerical procedure for achieving mulitbandfrequency characteristics in patch antenna design is demonstrated in this paper.
Soham talukder microservices architecture application. It is designed by using genetic algorithms with the advantage of not requiring a feeding network. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch. This paper proposes a novel method for design of optimized insetfed patch antennas using genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm optimization of a highdirectivity microstrip patch. Optimization of the performance of patch antennas using. Ga optimization for rfid broadband antenna applications. Uduwawala4 1department of electronics, wayamba university of sri lanka, kuliyapitiya, sri lanka 2technology and intellectual property rights department, fractus, barcelona, spain. This complicated shape was found by an evolutionary computer design program to create the best radiation pattern. Introduction to genetic algorithms including example code. Optimization of the performance of patch antennas 115 journal of the national science foundation of sri lanka 41 2 june 20 results the simulations were carried out under four categories based on the number of antenna parameters optimized using genetic algorithms.
Wide and multiband antenna design using the genetic algorithm to create amorphous shapes using ellipses by lance griffiths, you chung chung, and cynthia furse abstract a method is demonstrated for generating compact, broadband and multiband antennas using ellipses to create new amorphous shapes with greater bandwidth and less. Supernec, which is an antenna analysis and electromagnetic simulation program, is used in conjunction with the genetic algorithm. A parallel electromagnetic geneticalgorithm optimization application for patch antenna design. Genetic algorithm optimization technique has been utilized in hfss software for optimization of the aperture coupled patch antenna dimensions in order to achieve better return loss and height directivity. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch antenna miniaturization article in progress in electromagnetics research letters 60. Various existing optimization algorithms can come handy in this case and genetic algorithm which is one of the global optimization algorithms has been used widely in the past by antenna designers 4 for the optimization of the patch shape and size in order to achieve better overall performance of the antenna. A highdirectivity microstrip patch antenna design by using genetic algorithm optimization jeevani w. The mission consists of three satellites that will take measurements in earths magnetosphere. Design, analysis and modelling of metamaterial based antenna using genetic algorithm. Experimental adaptive nulling with a genetic algorithm.
At this point the genetic algorithm has to be stopped 1516. Optimization and analysis of high gain wideband microstrip patch. Jun 30, 2006 a thorough and insightful introduction to using genetic algorithms to optimize electromagnetic systems. The microstrip patch antenna is designed to operate in c band with the centre frequency at 7ghz and various important performance metrics of the. Multiobjective optimization with genetic algorithm.
Minimization of the number of diodes as switches is also considered. Microstrip antenna is gathering a lot of interest in communication systems. Application of genetic algorithm for optimization of. Design of nonuniform antenna arrays using genetic algorithm. Genetic antennas are not existing designs modified by optimization but rather are new antennas designed by a computer. A reconfigurable highgain partially reflecting surface antenna. In this paper, a genetic algorithm optimization in conjunction with the internal multiport method is applied for determination of slot shape and pin diode location in the ground plane for design of frequency reconfigurable patch antennas. A single highdirectivity microstrip patch antenna mpa having a rectangular profile, which can substitute a linear array is proposed. In the following sections a brief overview of all the algorithms are given followed by the verification of the results using ie3d software. It offers expert guidance to optimizing electromagnetic systems using genetic. A combined method of moment momgenetic algorithm ga numerical procedure for multi. Nowadays, the patch antenna is a widely used antenna type in many applications such as cellular phones, pagers, satellite communication and missiles. The geometry of proposed antenna is optimized using genetic algorithm ga to operate in xband for wideband applications.
They have been successfully applied to electromagnetic optimization, including antenna design as well as smart antennas design. Automatic synthesis of a wire antenna using genetic programming william comisky. In this tutorial, i will show you how to optimize a single objective function using genetic algorithm. Keywords antenna arrays, uniform arrays, nonuniform. Reasonable agreement between simulated results and measured results of the gaoptimized design is obtained. The parameters of a broadband patch antenna include. Mom is applied to analyse rectangular patches fed by a coaxial probe and suspended over a ground plane. Here a and a e are the radius and effetive c radius of microstrip patch respectively. Analysis of the microstrip patch antenna designed using genetic. Genetic algorithm ga is a popular optimization technique used in the design of performance improved microstrip patch antennas mpas. Application of genetic algorithm to the optimization of. Genetic algorithm for disassembly process planning proceedings of spie. Implementation of the simple genetic algorithm sga this section describes our first optimization approach, which involves the implementation of a simple genetic algorithm sga. Optimization by genetic algorithms rahmatsamii and michielssen 1999 describes numerous applications of the genetic algorithm to antenna design.